Present and future thermal regimes of intertidal groundwater springs in a threatened coastal ecosystem
Present and future thermal regimes of intertidal groundwater springs in a threatened coastal ecosystem
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- dc.contributor.author
- KarisAllen, Jason J.
- Mohammed, Aaron A.
- Tamborski, Joseph J.
- Jamieson, Rob C.
- Danielescu, Serban
- Kurylyk, Barret L.
- dc.date.accepted
- 2022-08-23
- dc.date.accessioned
- 2024-01-30T16:20:01Z
- dc.date.available
- 2024-01-30T16:20:01Z
- dc.date.issued
- 2022-09-28
- dc.date.submitted
- 2022-02-02
- dc.description.abstract - en
- In inland settings, groundwater discharge thermally modulates receiving surface water bodies and provides localized thermal refuges; however, the thermal influence of intertidal springs on coastal waters and their thermal sensitivity to climate change are not well studied. We addressed this knowledge gap with a field- and model-based study of a threatened coastal lagoon ecosystem in southeastern Canada. We paired analyses of drone-based thermal imagery with in situ thermal and hydrologic monitoring to estimate discharge to the lagoon from intertidal springs and groundwater-dominated streams in summer 2020. Results, which were generally supported by independent radon-based groundwater discharge estimates, revealed that combined summertime spring inflows (0.047 m<sup>3</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>) were comparable to combined stream inflows (0.050 m<sup>3</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>). Net advection values for the streams and springs were also comparable to each other but were 2 orders of magnitude less than the downwelling shortwave radiation across the lagoon. Although lagoon-scale thermal effects of groundwater inflows were small compared to atmospheric forcing, spring discharge dominated heat transfer at a local scale, creating pronounced cold-water plumes along the shoreline. A numerical model was used to interpret measured groundwater temperature data and investigate seasonal and multi-decadal groundwater temperature patterns. Modelled seasonal temperatures were used to relate measured spring temperatures to their respective aquifer source depths, while multi-decadal simulations forced by historic and projected climate data were used to assess long-term groundwater warming. Based on the 2020–2100 climate scenarios (for which 5-year-averaged air temperature increased up to 4.32∘), modelled 5-year-averaged subsurface temperatures increased 0.08–2.23∘ in shallow groundwater (4.2 m depth) and 0.32–1.42∘ in the deeper portion of the aquifer (13.9 m), indicating the depth dependency of warming. This study presents the first analysis of the thermal sensitivity of groundwater-dependent coastal ecosystems to climate change and indicates that coastal ecosystem management should consider potential impacts of groundwater warming.
- dc.identifier.doi
- https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4721-2022
- dc.identifier.issn
- 1607-7938
- 1812-2116
- dc.identifier.uri
- https://science-ouverte.canada.ca/handle/123456789/1915
- dc.language.iso
- en
- dc.publisher
- European Geosciences Union
- dc.rights - en
- Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
- dc.rights - fr
- Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
- dc.rights.openaccesslevel - en
- Gold
- dc.rights.openaccesslevel - fr
- Or
- dc.rights.uri - en
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- dc.rights.uri - fr
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.fr
- dc.subject - en
- Nature and environment
- Water
- Science and technology
- dc.subject - fr
- Nature et environnement
- Eau
- Sciences et technologie
- dc.subject.en - en
- Nature and environment
- Water
- Science and technology
- dc.subject.fr - fr
- Nature et environnement
- Eau
- Sciences et technologie
- dc.title - en
- Present and future thermal regimes of intertidal groundwater springs in a threatened coastal ecosystem
- dc.type - en
- Article
- dc.type - fr
- Article
- local.article.journalissue
- 18
- local.article.journaltitle
- Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
- local.article.journalvolume
- 26
- local.pagination
- 4721–4740
- local.peerreview - en
- Yes
- local.peerreview - fr
- Oui
- local.requestdoi
- No
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