Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults: a rapid review

Résumé

Multisystem inflammatory disease in children (MIS-C) is one of the severe presentations of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that has been described in the literature since the beginning of the pandemic. Although MIS-C refers to children, cases with similar clinical characteristics have been recently described in adults. A description of the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of multisystem inflammatory disease in adults (MIS-A) is a starting point for better knowledge and understanding of this emerging disease. We identified nine case reports of MIS-A in the literature, five from the United States, two from France and two from the United Kingdom. The case descriptions revealed similarities in clinical features, including occurrence during post-acute disease phase, fever, digestive symptoms, cardiac involvement and elevated inflammatory markers. All the patients were hospitalized, three required admission to the intensive care unit and one died. The most common treatments were intravenous immunoglobulin, prednisolone and aspirin. These findings suggest that MIS-A is a severe complication of COVID-19 disease that can lead to death. Further studies to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of MIS-A, which will help improve treatment decisions and prevent sequelae or death.